What is the primary function of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)?

The primary function of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is to conduct and support medical research aimed at improving public health. The NIH is a key component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and it plays a pivotal role in advancing knowledge in the biomedical and behavioral sciences. By funding and conducting research, the NIH seeks to understand diseases and health conditions, develop new treatments, and promote better health practices.

This mission includes supporting a vast network of researchers, providing grants, and facilitating the translation of research into practical applications for health improvement. The significant investment in medical research ultimately leads to advancements in healthcare, innovative therapies, and enhanced public health strategies.

In contrast, the other options represent functions that are not aligned with the core mission of the NIH. While providing healthcare services directly is essential, it is not the role of the NIH. Regulating food and drug safety falls under the jurisdiction of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and planning health policies for state governments pertains to public health agencies at the state level, rather than a federal research institution like the NIH.